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DISABILITIES

small tour of the main disorders encountered and some useful links to learn more

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DYS...

Dyslexia, dyspraxia, dysgraphia, dysphasia, dyscalculia ... not to mention that very often one dys leads to another so we speak of associated disorders

Dyslexia is the poor association between graphemes (written characters) and phonemes (sounds)

Dyspraxia is the difficulty to program, plan and coordinate complex movements, which prevent sufferers from automatizing a large number of voluntary movements, such as writing, and thus leading to dysgraphia.

Dysphasia represents a verbal language development disorder, difficulty with verbal expression (indistinct words, syntax disorders, poorly constructed words…). Dyslexia very often appears in the wake of this disorder.

Dyscalculia is a learning disability in math. People with dyscalculia have trouble with math at many levels. They often struggle with key concepts like bigger vs. smaller. And they can have a hard time doing basic math problems and more abstract math.

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AUTISM

Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), refers to a broad range of conditions characterized by challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech and nonverbal communication.
There is not one autism but many subtypes, most influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Because autism is a spectrum disorder, each person with autism has a distinct set of strengths and challenges. The ways in which people with autism learn, think and problem-solve can range from highly skilled to severely challenged. Some people with ASD may require significant support in their daily lives, while others may need less support and, in some cases, live entirely independently.

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ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioural disorder that includes symptoms such as inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness.
Symptoms of ADHD tend to be noticed at an early age and may become more noticeable when a child's circumstances change, such as when they start school.
Most cases are diagnosed when children are 6 to 12 years old.
The symptoms of ADHD usually improve with age, but many adults who were diagnosed with the condition at a young age continue to experience problems.

HP

Children are Hight Potential or gifted when their ability is significantly above the norm for their age.
Giftedness may manifest in one or more domains 

Young people with high learning potential frequently miss out on the support they need because their cognitive or creative capabilities mask a genuine need for help.

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